The Shortest War in History: Anglo-Zanzibar War Presentation
Jul 5, 2022 9:32:07 GMT
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Kliment Jefremovitš Vorošilov, Gerd von Rundstedt, and 3 more like this
Post by Eugene V. Debs on Jul 5, 2022 9:32:07 GMT
Hi! I decided to make a presentation about the Anglo-Zanzibar war, which is considered as the shortest recorded war in history. I hope you like it! 
The Anglo-Zanzibar War Presentation
The Anglo-Zanzibar War was a war that took place on 27 August 1896, fought between United Kingdom and the Sultanate of Zanzibar. Although there are differing opinions on the exact minute, it is usually agreed that it lasted between just 38 and 45 minutes. For this reason, it is considered as the shortest recorded war in history.
After becoming Zanzibar's protector, Britain wanted the abolition of slavery. Also, consul General Gerald Portal’s economic policy was against the Zanzibari merchants' interests. While he is the sultan, Ali ibn Said resisted British policy until his death. After that, when it was time to choose his successor, Britain did not want someone like Ali ibn Said, but more in suitable with their interests. Britain supported Ḥamad bin Thuwaini. But, Khalid bin Barghash come to the power by claiming he should be the sultan due to being only son of the Sultan before Ali ibn Said: Barghash bin Said and on being ignored after Barghash's death. However, Britain persuaded Khalid to leave the throne, and then, they make Hamad bin Thuwaini the new sultan.
After the death of the pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini on 25 August 1896, his nephew, Khalid bin Barghash came to the power and declared himself as the sultan, and seized the palace. But The British wanted Hamoud bin Mohammed to come to the power, due to the thought of he was more suitable to British interests. In the agreement of 14 June 1890, it was written that a candidate for accession to the sultanate must have the permission of the British, but Khalid had not fulfilled this requirement. And this considered as a casus belli by Britain.
Chief Diplomat Basil Cave sent the following telegraph to the Foreign Office in London:
"Are we authorised in the event of all attempts at a peaceful solution proving useless, to fire on the Palace from the men-of-war?”
The answer was:
“You are authorised to adopt whatever measures you may consider necessary, and will be supported in your action by Her Majesty's Government. Do not, however, attempt to take any action which you are not certain of being able to accomplish successfully."
The last ultimatum to Khalid was sent on the 26 August, demanding that he and his army leave the palace until 9am at 27 August.
On 27 August at around 8:00 am, Khalid sent the following message via a messenger: “We have no intention of hauling down our flag and we do not believe you would open fire on us.”
Basil Cave replied: "We do not want to open fire, but unless you do as you are told we shall certainly do so."
The ultimatum expired at 09:00 am East Africa Time on 27 August. Until it expired, the British had already gathered three cruisers, two gunboats, 150 marines and sailors, and 900 Zanzibaris in the port, under the command of Rear Admiral Harry Rawson. The pro-Anglo Zanzibaris were commanded by Brigadier-General Lloyd Mathews. Meanwhile, in Bargash's side, 2800 soldiers gathered to defend the palace, which had a few artillery pieces and machine guns.
Here is the map of the battle:
At 09:02, HMS Racoon, Thrush, and Sparrow to begin the bombardment, and the defending artillery was destroyed.
Meanwhile, the British forces sunk the armed Royal Yacht HHS Glasgow and two boats. The flag at the palace was shot, and the fire stopped by 09:46.
Khalid bin Bargash's forces suffered nearly 500 casualties, but only one British sailor was injured in the war.
After the war, during the turmoil, Khalid bin Bargash escaped from the palace and took refuge in the German consulate. Later, the Germans allowed him to live in Dar es Salaam, but he was captured by Britain at World War I, and died in 1927. In the Zanzibar Sultanate, the British established a puppet government under Hamoud bin Mohammed.
And the war, which is considered as the shortest war of history, ended so.
References: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Zanzibar_War
www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Shortest-War-in-History/
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalid_bin_Barghash_of_Zanzibar
The Anglo-Zanzibar War Presentation
The Anglo-Zanzibar War was a war that took place on 27 August 1896, fought between United Kingdom and the Sultanate of Zanzibar. Although there are differing opinions on the exact minute, it is usually agreed that it lasted between just 38 and 45 minutes. For this reason, it is considered as the shortest recorded war in history.
After becoming Zanzibar's protector, Britain wanted the abolition of slavery. Also, consul General Gerald Portal’s economic policy was against the Zanzibari merchants' interests. While he is the sultan, Ali ibn Said resisted British policy until his death. After that, when it was time to choose his successor, Britain did not want someone like Ali ibn Said, but more in suitable with their interests. Britain supported Ḥamad bin Thuwaini. But, Khalid bin Barghash come to the power by claiming he should be the sultan due to being only son of the Sultan before Ali ibn Said: Barghash bin Said and on being ignored after Barghash's death. However, Britain persuaded Khalid to leave the throne, and then, they make Hamad bin Thuwaini the new sultan.
After the death of the pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini on 25 August 1896, his nephew, Khalid bin Barghash came to the power and declared himself as the sultan, and seized the palace. But The British wanted Hamoud bin Mohammed to come to the power, due to the thought of he was more suitable to British interests. In the agreement of 14 June 1890, it was written that a candidate for accession to the sultanate must have the permission of the British, but Khalid had not fulfilled this requirement. And this considered as a casus belli by Britain.
Chief Diplomat Basil Cave sent the following telegraph to the Foreign Office in London:
"Are we authorised in the event of all attempts at a peaceful solution proving useless, to fire on the Palace from the men-of-war?”
The answer was:
“You are authorised to adopt whatever measures you may consider necessary, and will be supported in your action by Her Majesty's Government. Do not, however, attempt to take any action which you are not certain of being able to accomplish successfully."
The last ultimatum to Khalid was sent on the 26 August, demanding that he and his army leave the palace until 9am at 27 August.
On 27 August at around 8:00 am, Khalid sent the following message via a messenger: “We have no intention of hauling down our flag and we do not believe you would open fire on us.”
Basil Cave replied: "We do not want to open fire, but unless you do as you are told we shall certainly do so."
The ultimatum expired at 09:00 am East Africa Time on 27 August. Until it expired, the British had already gathered three cruisers, two gunboats, 150 marines and sailors, and 900 Zanzibaris in the port, under the command of Rear Admiral Harry Rawson. The pro-Anglo Zanzibaris were commanded by Brigadier-General Lloyd Mathews. Meanwhile, in Bargash's side, 2800 soldiers gathered to defend the palace, which had a few artillery pieces and machine guns.
Here is the map of the battle:
At 09:02, HMS Racoon, Thrush, and Sparrow to begin the bombardment, and the defending artillery was destroyed.
Meanwhile, the British forces sunk the armed Royal Yacht HHS Glasgow and two boats. The flag at the palace was shot, and the fire stopped by 09:46.
Khalid bin Bargash's forces suffered nearly 500 casualties, but only one British sailor was injured in the war.
After the war, during the turmoil, Khalid bin Bargash escaped from the palace and took refuge in the German consulate. Later, the Germans allowed him to live in Dar es Salaam, but he was captured by Britain at World War I, and died in 1927. In the Zanzibar Sultanate, the British established a puppet government under Hamoud bin Mohammed.
And the war, which is considered as the shortest war of history, ended so.
References: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Zanzibar_War
www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Shortest-War-in-History/
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalid_bin_Barghash_of_Zanzibar
